Poi

Notre-Dame Cathedral

Notre-Dame Cathedral
Photo by Miguel Saddi Vitorino on Pexels
Notre-Dame Cathedral
Photo by Marija Piliskic on Pexels
Notre-Dame Cathedral
Photo by Stephen Leonardi on Pexels
Notre-Dame Cathedral
Photo by Hom Nay Chup Gi on Pexels
Notre-Dame Cathedral
Photo by Leonardo Delsabio on Pexels
Notre-Dame Cathedral
Photo by Ludovic Delot on Pexels

Notre-Dame reopened on 7 December 2024, more than five years after the fire that brought its spire and centuries-old oak roof to the ground. Walking in now, you are entering a building simultaneously ancient and raw — the soot is gone, the stone is pale again, and a new four-metre cedar reliquary holds the Crown of Thorns at the heart of the nave.

The numbers alone give you a sense of the ambition: 128 metres long, towers rising 69 metres, space inside for 6,000 people. But the rose windows, which survived the fire and remain among the finest medieval stained glass anywhere, are what stop most visitors mid-step.

💛 What travellers fall for

People who return tend to book a timed-entry slot online a few days ahead — the free walk-in queue runs two to three hours. The Treasury (12€) is quieter than the main nave and worth the detour. Mark your calendar for 20–21 September 2025, when the towers reopen to the public, free of charge, from 9am to 11pm.

Good to know
Take Métro Line 4 to Cité, or RER B/C to Saint-Michel–Notre-Dame. Entry to the cathedral is free; book a time slot on the official website to avoid a long queue. The Treasury charges 12€. Allow at least an hour inside; two if you plan to climb the towers.

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The story

How Notre-Dame Cathedral came to be

Bishop Maurice de Sully initiated the project in 1160, and the cornerstone was laid between March and April 1163 in the presence of King Louis VII and Pope Alexander III. Construction ran for nearly two centuries, finally completing in 1345. The first architect's name is lost to history, but a carved inscription in the south transept records master builder Jean de Chelles, who died in 1258. He and Pierre de Montreuil developed structural innovations — flying buttresses, soaring vaults — that pushed Gothic architecture into new territory. Pierre de Chelles continued the work from around 1296.

The original 13th-century spire was removed in 1786 after wind damage. Eugène Viollet-le-Duc recreated it during his 19th-century restoration, rebuilding it in oak sheathed in lead — the very structure that collapsed in the 2019 fire. Architect Philippe Villeneuve is overseeing the current restoration, which continues even as the doors are open again.

People & landmarks

Who and what shaped it

People who shaped it

Maurice de Sully
Bishop of Paris who initiated construction in 1160 and laid the cornerstone on 24 March–25 April 1163.
Jean de Chelles
Master builder commemorated by inscription in the south transept; died 1258.
Pierre de Montreuil
Principal architect of the 13th century who, with Jean de Chelles, developed Gothic structural innovations including flying buttresses.
Pierre de Chelles
Son or nephew of Jean de Chelles; succeeded Pierre de Montreuil and began work on the apse chapels around 1296.
Eugène Viollet-le-Duc
19th-century restoration architect who recreated the spire in oak covered with lead during major restoration work.
Philippe Villeneuve
Contemporary architect overseeing restoration work following the 2019 fire and continuing beyond the December 2024 reopening.

Landmark buildings

Rose Windows
Medieval stained glass masterpieces installed in the 13th century; survived the 2019 fire.
South Tower Bells
Houses Emmanuel and Marie, the two largest bells of Notre-Dame.
North Tower Bells
Mounts eight bells: Gabriel, Anne Geneviève, Denis, Marcel, Étienne, Benoît-Joseph, Maurice, and Jean-Marie.
Crown of Thorns Reliquary
Four-metre high cedar wood reliquary installed at the heart of the nave; holds the sacred relic.
Cathedral Towers
69 metres high; reopening to public 20–21 September 2025 with free admission during Heritage Days weekend.
Practical

Plan your visit

On the map

When to go

Right now

22°C
Partly cloudy
Sat
30°
19°
Sun
26°
15°
Mon
25°
13°
Tue
26°
14°
Weather data: Open-Meteo

Background & history adapted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA) · specs from Wikidata (CC0) · weather from Open-Meteo · map data © OpenStreetMap contributors · photos from Wikimedia Commons / Unsplash with per-image credit. No third-party reviews or social posts reproduced.

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