Region

Ankara

Ankara
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Ankara
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Ankara
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Ankara
Photo by Ufuk Avcuoğlu on Pexels
Ankara
Photo by Onur on Pexels
Ankara
Photo by Ufuk Avcuoğlu on Pexels
City break Culture & history Food & drink

Ankara earns its place on the map through sheer accumulation — layer on layer of civilisation pressed into a single Anatolian plateau city. The Column of Julian has been standing here since 362 AD; the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations sits inside a 15th-century covered bazaar and holds objects from cultures that predate the Roman Empire by millennia. This is a capital city that was, within living memory of its founding, a provincial town of 35,000 people.

What you get now is a city of wide boulevards and hilltop monuments, shaped in part by a German master plan and driven by the deliberate will of a new republic. It rewards slow walking and a willingness to look past the governmental grey.

💛 What travellers fall for

People who come back tend to make straight for the old quarter around Ankara Castle — the Aslanhane Mosque, the Roman Baths, the castle walls themselves. The Çengelhan Rahmi M. Koç Museum in a 1523 Ottoman caravanserai is reliably good for an afternoon. Anıtkabir at dusk, when the crowds thin, is a different experience from midday.

Good to know
Ankara's Esenboğa Airport connects well domestically and internationally. High-speed rail links it to Istanbul in around four hours. The city spreads considerably, so the metro saves time between the old town and Çankaya. Three days covers the main ground without rushing.
The story

How Ankara came to be

The plateau around Ankara has been settled since the Bronze Age Hatti, but the city took real shape under the Phrygians around 1000 BC, swelled by refugees from Gordion after an earthquake. Its Greek name, Ánkyra — anchor — carried into the Turkish form used today. In 278 BC the Galatians, Celtic-speaking migrants from Europe, made it a tribal headquarters; then came Rome, Byzantium, the Seljuks under Sultan Alparslan in 1073, and finally the Ottomans from the 14th century onward.

The decisive break came on October 13, 1923, when Mustafa Kemal Atatürk proclaimed it capital of the new Turkish Republic. A German architect, Hermann Jansen, drew up the master plan: broad avenues, parks, the Yenişehir district. By 1950 the population had grown from a few tens of thousands to nearly 300,000.

People & landmarks

Who and what shaped it

People who shaped it

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Founder and first president of the Turkish Republic; proclaimed Ankara capital on October 13, 1923, transforming it from a provincial centre into a modern political metropolis.
Vehbi Koç
Turkish entrepreneur and philanthropist; began his business career with a small shop in Ankara in 1917, later founded the Koç Group holding.
Orhan Veli Kanık
Influential 20th-century Turkish poet and founder of the 'Garip' literary movement; lived and worked in Ankara for a significant part of his life.

Landmark buildings

Anıtkabir (Atatürk Mausoleum)
Mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk on Anıttepe hill; fusion of ancient and modern architecture, completed in 1953.
Museum of Anatolian Civilizations
Restored 15th-century bedesten (covered bazaar) at Ankara Castle entrance; houses Paleolithic through Roman artefacts including major Lydian treasures.
Ankara Castle (Hisar)
Dating to the Celtic period; blended architecture reflecting Roman, Byzantine, Seljuk and Ottoman styles from successive renovations.
Aslanhane Mosque
Ankara's oldest mosque, built in 1290; located beneath Ankara Castle in the old town, also known as the Lion's Den.
Kocatepe Mosque
Ankara's largest mosque, built in Ottoman style in 1987; features stained-glass windows, marble, gold leaf décor and crystal chandelier.
Column of Julian
Built in 362 AD to commemorate Emperor Julian's visit; stands 15 metres high with leaf decoration on the capital.
Temple of Augustus and Rome
Monumental Roman structure erected during the Roman period; ruins survive to the present day.
Roman Baths
Built in the third century by Emperor Caracalla; featured caldarium, tepidarium and frigidarium; destroyed by fire in the eighth century.
Atakule Tower
Communications and observation tower built in 1989; 125 metres high with 360-degree views over the capital from its globe-shaped viewing platform.
Çengelhan Rahmi M. Koç Museum
Museum of industrial technology housed in Çengel Han, an Ottoman-era inn completed in 1523 during Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent's reign.
Watch

See Ankara in motion

Practical

Plan your visit

On the map

When to go

Ankara sits at around 850 metres elevation and has a continental climate — hot, dry summers that push well above 30°C and cold winters with regular snowfall. Spring and autumn, roughly April–May and September–October, give the most comfortable conditions for walking the city.

Right now

21°C
Partly cloudy
Sat
30°
18°
Sun
32°
19°
Mon
33°
19°
Tue
34°
19°
Weather data: Open-Meteo

Background & history adapted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA) · specs from Wikidata (CC0) · weather from Open-Meteo · map data © OpenStreetMap contributors · photos from Wikimedia Commons / Unsplash with per-image credit. No third-party reviews or social posts reproduced.

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